A handball match consists of a large number of repeated sprints, accelerations and decelerations, jumps, rapid changes of running direction and contacts, blocking and pushing ( Michalsik et al., 2013b). Team handball is a physically demanding intermittent team sport, where players are exposed to relatively high workloads with substantial aerobic energy expenditure, interspersed with short periods of dominant anaerobic energy production ( Michalsik et al., 2013a). Dynamic stretching improved repeated-sprint performance to a greater extent than static stretching and no stretching. There were also trivial and small decreases in power across all sprints with static relative to dynamic stretching (-1.3%, ☒.8%) and no stretching (-3.5%, ☒.9%). There were small increases in the average power across all sprints with dynamic stretching relative to static stretching (3.3%, ☒.4%) and no stretching (3.0%, ☒.4%) and trivial to small increases in the average power in the 1st and 5th trials with dynamic stretching compared to static stretching (3.9%, ☒.6% 2.6%, ☒.6%, respectively) and no stretching (2.0%, ☒.7% 4.1%, ☒.8%, respectively). In comparison to no stretching, there were small increases in ROM after dynamic stretching (12.7%, ☐.7% mean, ☙0% confidence limits) and static stretching (19.2%, ☐.9%).

Fixed and random effects of each stretching protocol on repeated sprint performance were estimated with mixed linear modeling and data were evaluated via standardization and magnitude-based inferences. Range of movement (ROM) was also measured before and after the warm-up protocols with a sit-and-reach test. Each protocol was performed on a different occasion, separated by 2-3 days. Thirteen young female handball players performed a 5 min aerobic warm-up followed by one of three stretching protocols for the lower limbs: (1) static stretching, (2) dynamic-ballistic stretching, and (3) no stretching before performing five all-out sprints on a cycle ergometer. This randomized cross-over study examined the effects of typical static and dynamic stretching warm-up protocols on repeated-sprint performance.

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